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Causes of Global Warming
Global warming is an increase the average temperature of Earth's surface. Since the late 1800's, the global average temperature has increased about 0.7 to 1.4 degrees F (0.4 to 0.8 degrees C). Many experts estimate that the average temperature will rise an additional 2.5 to 10.4 degrees F (1.4 to 5.8 degrees C) by 2100. That rate of increase would be much superior to most past rates of increase.
Scientists are anxious that human societies and natural ecosystem may not adapt to rapid climate changes. A bionetwork consists of the living organisms and physical environment in a particular area. Global warming could cause much harm, so countries throughout the world drafted an agreement called the Kyoto Protocol to help limit it.
Impact of global warming
Climatologists (scientists who study climate) have analyzed the global warm that has occurred since the late 1800's. A majority of climatologists have concluded that human activities are responsible for most of the warming. Human activities contribute to global warming by enhancing Earth's natural greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect warms Earth's surface through a complex process involving sunlight, gases, and particles in the atmosphere. Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are known as greenhouse gases.
The main human behaviors that contribute to global warming are the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) and the clearing of land. Most of the burning occurs in automobiles, in factories, and in electric power plants that provide energy for houses and office buildings. The burning of fossil fuels creates carbon dioxide, whose chemical formula is CO2. CO2 is a greenhouse gas that slows the escape of heat into space. Trees and other plants remove CO2 from the air during photosynthesis, the process they use to produce food. The clearing of land contributes to the buildup of CO2 by reducing the rate at which the gas is removed from the atmosphere or by the decomposition of dead vegetation.
A small number of scientists argue that the increase in greenhouse gases has not made a measurable difference in the temperature. They say that natural processes could have caused global warming. Those processes include increases in the energy emitted (given off) by the sun. But the vast majority of climatologists believe that increases in the sun's energy have contributed only slightly to recent warming.
Harm to ocean life
Through global warming, the surface waters of the oceans could become warmer, increasing the stress on ocean ecosystems, such as coral reefs. High water temperatures can cause a damaging process called coral bleaching. When corals bleach, they expel the algae that give them their color and nourishment. The corals turn white and, unless the water temperature cools, they die. Added warmth also helps spread diseases that affect sea creatures.
Changes of habitat
Widespread shifts might occur in the natural habitats of animals and plants. Many species would have difficulty surviving in the regions they now inhabit. For example, many flowering plants will not bloom without a sufficient period of winter cold. And human occupation has altered the landscape in ways that would make new habitats hard to reach or unavailable altogether.
Weather damage
Extreme weather conditions might become more frequent and therefore more damaging. Changes in rainfall patterns could increase both flooding and drought in some areas. More hurricanes and other tropical storms might occur, and they could become more powerful.
Rising sea level
Continued global warming might, over centuries, melt large amounts of ice from a vast sheet that covers most of West Antarctica. As a result, the sea level would rise throughout the world. Many coastal areas would experience flooding, erosion, a loss of wetlands, and an entry of seawater into freshwater areas. High sea levels would submerge some coastal cities, small island nations, and other inhabited regions.
Threats to human health
Tropical diseases, such as malaria and dengue, might spread to larger regions. Longer-lasting and more intense heat waves could cause more deaths and illnesses. Floods and droughts could increase hunger and malnutrition.
Johnn Smith is an Expert author for International Space Station. He has written many articles like "Space station shuttle". For information visit our site Shuttle Missions.
Article Source: ArticleNexus
Showing posts with label global warming. Show all posts
Showing posts with label global warming. Show all posts
Saturday, November 27, 2010
Sunday, November 21, 2010
Global Climate Change - Facts
By Ronnie Daniels
Articles Source: Global Climate Change - Facts
Instead of joining ranks with the parties engaged in the current cold war over climate change I would like to do something refreshing and new. This article is going to present you with a series of indisputable facts on the global climate and then ask you to decide for yourself what your opinion on the matter is.
Here I sit at my desk on a typical summer day in Tennessee. It gets in the 90F temperature range during the first part of the day and then there are thundershowers in the afternoon. It could be any summer day picked at random from the 50 odd summers of my life.
The first true fact: in over 100 years the temperature has not increased even 1degree.
2 opposing forces
One group of people with a liberal bent would have us believe that the planet is at the edge of ecological disaster due to the increase in CO2 caused by human activities, of which one is simply breathing. Led by one of my states native sons and the United Nations these forces attempt to use science (sometimes used very badly) and fear to promote their agenda of globalism and socialist ideals.
The other group, firmly entrenched in the warm and coy bed of conservatism and the corporate energy lobby struggle to use their influence to make us think that global climate change is a myth. They seek to preserve our constitutional methods of governing and let the free market deal with our energy problems. The nation would be better served if the opposing sides would address our energy and climate problems sans politics.
Fact: The climate is changing. It has been changing for millions of years and will continue to change.
Fact: Human activity does affect the climate to an extent. Cities change the weather in their immediate area simply by existing.
Fact: The Earth captures CO2 and stores it in plant life and in the sediments of the sea bottom. There is a correlation between the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and the amount of O2 ( oxygen) in the atmosphere. In times past the planet had higher temperatures and higher levels of O2 and CO2. These levels came down during the ice ages. The planet is in the final stages of the last ice age and has been for over 12,000 years.
Fact: The Earth is a self regulating organism with extremely complex interactions of millions of processes and variables. Each one in interdependent with every other in a system so complex that we don't have the technology to completely understand it. Even with cray super computers and climate modeling it is still a lot of guesswork because the system changes faster than it can be modeled.
The atmosphere begins on the sun and reaches all the way to the core of the planet. The complex interaction between the atmosphere, the cycles of water in the lakes,seas and rivers and the life processes ( respiration) of every living thing on the planet work together to produce the weather conditions prevalent today and for the foreseeable future.
Fact: There is no real consensus among scientists on this issue. One group of climate scientists who by use of computer modeling, have concluded that global warming is a fact and is caused by an increase in man made CO2 emissions. These same scientists have also stated that their computers are not capable of handling the sheer number of calculations needed for proof of their assertion.
Many other scientists in a number of disciplines including geology, earth science and meteorology hold different opinions. Some even argue that the Earth is cooling.
Fact: The problem is complex with many variables to consider and there has been a lot of misrepresentation of the facts in the press by both politicians and reporters.
We see one example of this in the way the press covered a report in 2007 by the University of Illinois showing that the arctic ice cap had the lowest level of ice cover in thirty years. This was reported widely in the popular press while omitting reports statement that in 2007 the Antarctic ice cover was at an all time high.
Fact: Over 30,000 American scientists have signed a petition stating that:
* Believe global warming is not occurring or has ceased
* Believe accuracy of IPCC climate projections is questionable
* Believe global warming is primarily caused by natural processes
* Believe cause of global warming is unknown
* Believe global warming will benefit human society
This petition has been signed by 31,478 American scientists including 9,029 with PhD. degrees and including Nobel Laureates.
The petition is as follows:
"We urge the United States government to reject the global warming agreement that was written in Kyoto, Japan in December, 1997, and any other similar proposals. The proposed limits on greenhouse gases would harm the environment, hinder the advance of science and technology, and damage the health and welfare of mankind.
There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gasses is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth's atmosphere and disruption of the Earth's climate. Moreover, there is substantial scientific evidence that increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide produce many beneficial effects upon the natural plant and animal environments of the Earth. "
(From petitionproject.org)
While it is a fact that our climate is constantly changing, is the response by government and the U.N. an over-reaction to the situation? That decision is for you to make.
Here I sit at my desk on a typical summer day in Tennessee. It gets in the 90F temperature range during the first part of the day and then there are thundershowers in the afternoon. It could be any summer day picked at random from the 50 odd summers of my life.
The first true fact: in over 100 years the temperature has not increased even 1degree.
2 opposing forces
One group of people with a liberal bent would have us believe that the planet is at the edge of ecological disaster due to the increase in CO2 caused by human activities, of which one is simply breathing. Led by one of my states native sons and the United Nations these forces attempt to use science (sometimes used very badly) and fear to promote their agenda of globalism and socialist ideals.
The other group, firmly entrenched in the warm and coy bed of conservatism and the corporate energy lobby struggle to use their influence to make us think that global climate change is a myth. They seek to preserve our constitutional methods of governing and let the free market deal with our energy problems. The nation would be better served if the opposing sides would address our energy and climate problems sans politics.
Fact: The climate is changing. It has been changing for millions of years and will continue to change.
Fact: Human activity does affect the climate to an extent. Cities change the weather in their immediate area simply by existing.
Fact: The Earth captures CO2 and stores it in plant life and in the sediments of the sea bottom. There is a correlation between the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere and the amount of O2 ( oxygen) in the atmosphere. In times past the planet had higher temperatures and higher levels of O2 and CO2. These levels came down during the ice ages. The planet is in the final stages of the last ice age and has been for over 12,000 years.
Fact: The Earth is a self regulating organism with extremely complex interactions of millions of processes and variables. Each one in interdependent with every other in a system so complex that we don't have the technology to completely understand it. Even with cray super computers and climate modeling it is still a lot of guesswork because the system changes faster than it can be modeled.
The atmosphere begins on the sun and reaches all the way to the core of the planet. The complex interaction between the atmosphere, the cycles of water in the lakes,seas and rivers and the life processes ( respiration) of every living thing on the planet work together to produce the weather conditions prevalent today and for the foreseeable future.
Fact: There is no real consensus among scientists on this issue. One group of climate scientists who by use of computer modeling, have concluded that global warming is a fact and is caused by an increase in man made CO2 emissions. These same scientists have also stated that their computers are not capable of handling the sheer number of calculations needed for proof of their assertion.
Many other scientists in a number of disciplines including geology, earth science and meteorology hold different opinions. Some even argue that the Earth is cooling.
Fact: The problem is complex with many variables to consider and there has been a lot of misrepresentation of the facts in the press by both politicians and reporters.
We see one example of this in the way the press covered a report in 2007 by the University of Illinois showing that the arctic ice cap had the lowest level of ice cover in thirty years. This was reported widely in the popular press while omitting reports statement that in 2007 the Antarctic ice cover was at an all time high.
Fact: Over 30,000 American scientists have signed a petition stating that:
* Believe global warming is not occurring or has ceased
* Believe accuracy of IPCC climate projections is questionable
* Believe global warming is primarily caused by natural processes
* Believe cause of global warming is unknown
* Believe global warming will benefit human society
This petition has been signed by 31,478 American scientists including 9,029 with PhD. degrees and including Nobel Laureates.
The petition is as follows:
"We urge the United States government to reject the global warming agreement that was written in Kyoto, Japan in December, 1997, and any other similar proposals. The proposed limits on greenhouse gases would harm the environment, hinder the advance of science and technology, and damage the health and welfare of mankind.
There is no convincing scientific evidence that human release of carbon dioxide, methane, or other greenhouse gasses is causing or will, in the foreseeable future, cause catastrophic heating of the Earth's atmosphere and disruption of the Earth's climate. Moreover, there is substantial scientific evidence that increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide produce many beneficial effects upon the natural plant and animal environments of the Earth. "
(From petitionproject.org)
While it is a fact that our climate is constantly changing, is the response by government and the U.N. an over-reaction to the situation? That decision is for you to make.
Articles Source: Global Climate Change - Facts
Friday, November 19, 2010
Solutions for Global warming and climate change: Carbon footprints
Global warming, today has become a major issue worldwide, or rather we can say that it is one of the major critical environmental challenges which are being faced by the world today. There is no doubt in the fact that today there is a strong need of global warming solutions and climate change solutions. Global warming is basically a process of heating up of earth's atmosphere, with a significant increase in the level of CO2. Usually green house gases are responsible for increasing the earth's average temperature. Our planet, earth, is wrapped in the layers of heat- trapping gaseous content.
And when this harmful gaseous content get released in the atmosphere, it acts like a blanket, which traps heat in the atmosphere and altering climatic conditions globally. The main and the principal green house gas which enters the atmosphere of the earth due to some particular harmful activities of human beings. For example, burning of fossil fuels, solid wastes, trees and wood products, and also as a result of chemical reactions is carbon dioxide (CO2) - which is the main driver for the green house effect. Since industrial revolution, we have observed that humans have been burning fuels on a large scale to run automobiles, to generate electricity, to heat homes etc and are releasing CO2 into the air which is causing damage to environment on a very large scale.
Climate change, today, is also a very big issue, which is also a very big threat to humanity and nature in the 21st century. It is certainly a high time that we all must act now so as to reduce this great threat of climate change to secure a healthy and pollution free life for future generation. One more thing that we must take note of is that not only human deeds and activities, but also some natural processes contribute to rising global temperature and cause a drastic change in climate. For an example if see that animals and plants respiration, by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are converted into the CO2 and energy, and also the process of photosynthesis by which CO2 is removed from the atmosphere and stored as carbon in plants biomass. During Ocean atmospheric change, in which CO2 is absorbed and released at the sea surface. Release of carbon during the process of volcanic eruptions from rocks situated in the deep of earth's crust. Therefore, usage of carbon footprint as climate change solutions becomes inevitable.
For more information about sell carbon offset and business carbon offsetting please visit http://www.carbonadvicegroup.com/us/
And when this harmful gaseous content get released in the atmosphere, it acts like a blanket, which traps heat in the atmosphere and altering climatic conditions globally. The main and the principal green house gas which enters the atmosphere of the earth due to some particular harmful activities of human beings. For example, burning of fossil fuels, solid wastes, trees and wood products, and also as a result of chemical reactions is carbon dioxide (CO2) - which is the main driver for the green house effect. Since industrial revolution, we have observed that humans have been burning fuels on a large scale to run automobiles, to generate electricity, to heat homes etc and are releasing CO2 into the air which is causing damage to environment on a very large scale.
Climate change, today, is also a very big issue, which is also a very big threat to humanity and nature in the 21st century. It is certainly a high time that we all must act now so as to reduce this great threat of climate change to secure a healthy and pollution free life for future generation. One more thing that we must take note of is that not only human deeds and activities, but also some natural processes contribute to rising global temperature and cause a drastic change in climate. For an example if see that animals and plants respiration, by which oxygen and carbon dioxide are converted into the CO2 and energy, and also the process of photosynthesis by which CO2 is removed from the atmosphere and stored as carbon in plants biomass. During Ocean atmospheric change, in which CO2 is absorbed and released at the sea surface. Release of carbon during the process of volcanic eruptions from rocks situated in the deep of earth's crust. Therefore, usage of carbon footprint as climate change solutions becomes inevitable.
For more information about sell carbon offset and business carbon offsetting please visit http://www.carbonadvicegroup.com/us/
Thursday, November 11, 2010
The Important Differences Between "Climate Change" and "Global Warming"
Many people in the media (and elsewhere) use the terms "climate change" and "global warming" interchangeably, as if they were the same thing. But there are differences between the meanings of the two terms.
Getting a better handle on the definitions of and differences between "global warming" and "climate change" will help us understand why the threat caused by continued warming of the planet is so serious.
Planet Earth's current warming trend is based largely on natural warming and cooling cycles that have been happening for eons; as well as human-caused additions to greenhouse gases, which are boosting the atmosphere's ability to trap heat in the biosphere. Minor factors like an overall increase in the sun's solar intensity play a smaller role.
While greenhouse gases are an essential component of a livable planet - they're what keep Earth from being a lifeless ball of ice - humans are causing greenhouse gas levels to increase so quickly that it's causing the average global temperature to rise much faster than it would naturally. This warming is predicted to lead to a variety of negative effects, including:
1) Melting (and possible disappearance) of glaciers and mountain snow caps that feed the world's rivers and supply a large portion of the fresh water used for drinking and irrigation.
2) A rise in sea levels due to the melting of the land-based ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, with many islands and coastal areas ending up more exposed to storm damage or even underwater.
3) Increasingly costly "bad weather" events such as heat waves, droughts, floods, and severe storms.
4) Lowered agricultural productivity due to less favorable weather conditions, less available irrigation water, increased heat stress to plants, and an increase in pest activity due to warmer temperatures.
5) Increases in vector-borne infectious diseases like malaria and Lyme Disease.
6) Large numbers of extinctions of higher-level species due to their inability to adapt to rapidly changing climate and habitat conditions.
The first two of these effects are mostly related to increasing average temperatures. Items 3-6 are related to heat too, but also playing a role are non-temperature factors - i.e. "climate-change factors."
Climate change is about much more than how warm or cool our temperatures are. Whereas "global warming" refers to increasing global temperatures, "climate change" refers to regional conditions. Climate is defined by a number of factors, including:
1) Average regional temperature as well as day/night temperature patterns and seasonal temperature patterns.
2) Humidity.
3) Precipitation (average amounts and seasonal patterns).
4) Average amount of sunshine and level of cloudiness.
5) Air pressure and winds.
6) Storm events (type, average number per year, and seasonal patterns).
To a great extent, this is what we think of as "weather." Indeed, weather patterns are predicted to change in response to global warming:
1) Some areas will become drier, some will become wetter.
2) Many areas will experience an increase in severe weather events like killer heat waves, hurricanes, flood-level rains, and hail storms.
It's tempting to think that all of these changes to the world's climate regions will average out over time and geography and things will be fine. In fact, colder climates like Canada may even see improved agricultural yields as their seasonal temperatures rise. But overall, humanity has made a huge investment in "things as they are now, where they are now."
Gone are the days of millennia ago when an unfavorable change in climate might cause a village to pack up their relatively few belongings and move to a better area. We have massive societal and industrial infrastructure in place, and it cannot be easily moved. Climate-change effects will generally not be geographically escapable in the timeframe over which they happen, at least not for the majority of humans and species.
Read more: http://www.articlesbase.com/environment-articles/the-important-differences-between-climate-change-and-global-warming-569371.html#ixzz14fqu0iUU
Under Creative Commons License: Attribution
James Nash is a climate scientist with Greatest Planet (www.greatestplanet.org). Greatest Planet is a non-profit environmental organization specialising in carbon offset investments. James Nash is solely responsible for the contents of this article.
Read more: http://www.articlesbase.com/environment-articles/the-important-differences-between-climate-change-and-global-warming-569371.html#ixzz14fr4Wpsa
Under Creative Commons License: Attribution
Getting a better handle on the definitions of and differences between "global warming" and "climate change" will help us understand why the threat caused by continued warming of the planet is so serious.
Planet Earth's current warming trend is based largely on natural warming and cooling cycles that have been happening for eons; as well as human-caused additions to greenhouse gases, which are boosting the atmosphere's ability to trap heat in the biosphere. Minor factors like an overall increase in the sun's solar intensity play a smaller role.
While greenhouse gases are an essential component of a livable planet - they're what keep Earth from being a lifeless ball of ice - humans are causing greenhouse gas levels to increase so quickly that it's causing the average global temperature to rise much faster than it would naturally. This warming is predicted to lead to a variety of negative effects, including:
1) Melting (and possible disappearance) of glaciers and mountain snow caps that feed the world's rivers and supply a large portion of the fresh water used for drinking and irrigation.
2) A rise in sea levels due to the melting of the land-based ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, with many islands and coastal areas ending up more exposed to storm damage or even underwater.
3) Increasingly costly "bad weather" events such as heat waves, droughts, floods, and severe storms.
4) Lowered agricultural productivity due to less favorable weather conditions, less available irrigation water, increased heat stress to plants, and an increase in pest activity due to warmer temperatures.
5) Increases in vector-borne infectious diseases like malaria and Lyme Disease.
6) Large numbers of extinctions of higher-level species due to their inability to adapt to rapidly changing climate and habitat conditions.
The first two of these effects are mostly related to increasing average temperatures. Items 3-6 are related to heat too, but also playing a role are non-temperature factors - i.e. "climate-change factors."
Climate change is about much more than how warm or cool our temperatures are. Whereas "global warming" refers to increasing global temperatures, "climate change" refers to regional conditions. Climate is defined by a number of factors, including:
1) Average regional temperature as well as day/night temperature patterns and seasonal temperature patterns.
2) Humidity.
3) Precipitation (average amounts and seasonal patterns).
4) Average amount of sunshine and level of cloudiness.
5) Air pressure and winds.
6) Storm events (type, average number per year, and seasonal patterns).
To a great extent, this is what we think of as "weather." Indeed, weather patterns are predicted to change in response to global warming:
1) Some areas will become drier, some will become wetter.
2) Many areas will experience an increase in severe weather events like killer heat waves, hurricanes, flood-level rains, and hail storms.
It's tempting to think that all of these changes to the world's climate regions will average out over time and geography and things will be fine. In fact, colder climates like Canada may even see improved agricultural yields as their seasonal temperatures rise. But overall, humanity has made a huge investment in "things as they are now, where they are now."
Gone are the days of millennia ago when an unfavorable change in climate might cause a village to pack up their relatively few belongings and move to a better area. We have massive societal and industrial infrastructure in place, and it cannot be easily moved. Climate-change effects will generally not be geographically escapable in the timeframe over which they happen, at least not for the majority of humans and species.
Read more: http://www.articlesbase.com/environment-articles/the-important-differences-between-climate-change-and-global-warming-569371.html#ixzz14fqu0iUU
Under Creative Commons License: Attribution
James Nash is a climate scientist with Greatest Planet (www.greatestplanet.org). Greatest Planet is a non-profit environmental organization specialising in carbon offset investments. James Nash is solely responsible for the contents of this article.
Read more: http://www.articlesbase.com/environment-articles/the-important-differences-between-climate-change-and-global-warming-569371.html#ixzz14fr4Wpsa
Under Creative Commons License: Attribution
Wednesday, November 10, 2010
Global Warming/ Climate Change - The Biggest Ponzi Scheme Ever Perpetrated
Author: Patrick Wentworth
Global Warming/ Climate Change – or The Biggest Ponzi Scheme Ever Perpetrated Global warming - and now “climate change”- is being mentioned at almost every turn of daily life in the United States. Our eternally pessimistic or tragedy-based “news media” (Journalism is dead in the US) only want to forecast perpetual gloom and doom. The United States always seems to be the blame for everything wrong in the world when nothing could be further from the truth.
Bear with me as I hope to shed a little light on the nonsense the public receives daily from newspapers to radio to TV. First, it was “Man-made Global Warming,” now its “Climate Change” with the implication that somehow the human race has caused some calamitous event to happen to the planet. I find it so very incredible that the public as a whole is so scientifically illiterate that anyone would believe this nonsense.
A world leader once said: “Make the lie big, make it simple, keep saying it, eventually they will believe it.” Another world leader said: “When you have the facts on your side, argue the facts. When you have the law on your side, argue the law. When you have neither, holler.”
First, does the “climate change?” Well of course. It has been changing since the beginning of time. Geologic history shows us that the earth has been warmer more than 80% of its 4+ billion year existence rather than cold. Warming is nothing new. Glaciers carved the Great Lakes, inland seas once covered most of Texas, where there are forests today in Wisconsin, there once were tropical plants. Everything changes, nothing stays the same. The rate of change is what one needs to consider. To do that, you need to look at the data.
From 200 BC to 400 AD, the earth was in a warming period during the height of the Roman Empire. From 400 to 900 AD, the earth experienced a cooling period during the “Dark Ages.” From 900 to 1300, the earth experienced the “Medieval Warming” that allowed the Vikings to settle and farm in Greenland. As it became progressively colder, the animals died and the Vikings left Greenland by 1350.
The years 1300 to 1850 brought what has been called the “Little Ice Age” where much of Europe experienced very cold summers and the Thames River in England regularly froze. People would pray in Church in hopes of preventing glaciers from wiping out villages in the Alps.
Today, 1850 to present, we are now in what scientists call the “Modern Warming” era of the Earth’s climate.
The Sun regulates the atmospheric temperature of Earth. More than 99.9% of the energy which drives our climate system warming the oceans, creating winds and ocean currents all comes from the Sun. Seems like a simple enough concept, yet politicians want you to believe that the US population and the evil SUV and the consumption of fossil fuels has something to do with it. The activity of the sun – sunspots- has a direct correlation on the amount of solar radiation the Earth receives. While global temperatures have only been recorded for only the last 150 or so years, sun spot activity was first noticed in 1610 and detailed records of sunspot activity have been recorded since 1650. This data gives one the best idea of either increase or decrease in the global mean temperature.
The temperature in the last 100 years has risen 1º Fahrenheight – with a +/- .5º margin of error. Mankind and the rest of the world have adjusted nicely. It didn’t happen overnight nor is the increase anyone would notice. (With the +/- margin of .5ºF that means the temperature has changed by as little as ½ of a degree to as much as 1.5ºF.) Since 1998, (and some say since 2004 – depends on the data they are referring to) the globe has been cooling – not warming. It has cooled enough to wipe out the 1ºF rise in the global mean temperature to make it a net zero change in temperature.
While parts of Texas has been suffering through a typical hot Texas summer and its perpetual drought, a good bit of Texas has had a normal summer. The rest of the country, and in particular the Eastern seaboard and Midwest, has had a “year without a summer” - unusually cool and wet. It’s important to realize that all of this has happened even though the US has not signed the Kyoto Treaty on Climate Change and no significant legislation has been enacted to reverse the so-called “global warming.”
The average temperature of Earth has varied in a range of only 3º centigrade during the past 3,000 years. The minimal increase we may (or may not) experience in the next few decades is actually a recovery from a period known as the “Little Ice Age.” George Washington and his army at Valley Forge experienced the coldest era in 1500 years, but even then, the temperature was only above 1º C below the 3,000-year average.
When I ask the average person “What is the most common green house gas?” 100% of the time I hear the response “carbon dioxide.” The major media outlets have done their brain washing well.
Antarctic research shows very clearly that in every instance the temperature always rises first before the level of CO2 increases in the atmosphere. The explanation is just as simple. As the earth warms, more plants grow. Plants, with a more active carbon cycle, release more CO2 into the atmosphere. A colder ocean is able to keep more CO2 dissolved in water. As the oceans warm, more CO2 is released.
The number one “green house gas” (GHG) is water. The so-called “greenhouse effect” is caused by water vapor – i.e. clouds. We’ve all experienced it. In the summer, clouds help cool the surface by blocking sunlight. In the winter, nighttime clouds help to hold in heat and keep it from irradiating back into space.
Man made CO2 has no effect on global warming even though there has been a 6-fold increase in hydrocarbon use since 1940. When plotted together on a graph, it’s easy to see a direct correlation between solar activity and global surface temperatures. When plotted against world hydrocarbon use, there is no correlation with respect to surface temperatures.
Since the end of the Little Ice Age, the climate has improved with more rainfall, fewer tornadoes, and no increase in hurricane activity. The sea levels have risen at a rate of 7 inches per century (hardly a rise at all when one considers the difference between high tide and low tide can be several feet.) The idea that glaciers will melt and the sea levels will rise is an Environmental Alarmist ruse. Trends show that glaciers were melting and sea levels were rising for more than 100-years before the 6-fold increase in the use of hydrocarbons.
One of the favorite scare tactics that the Environmental Alarmists use is that the North Pole will have open seas during the summer. The alarmist scenario is that the melting of the polar ice cap will cause wide scale flooding. The problem with that idea is that it simply can’t happen. The polar ice cap is already floating on the ocean. When ice freezes, it expands 1/9 its size. Melting the polar ice cap will actually diminish the amount of water (or water displacement) by 1/9 the size of the polar ice cap. Melting of the polar ice cap could cause the sea level to actually lower. Another way to look at this is a glass of iced tea. When the ice melts does your glass overflow? No.
Carbon dioxide makes up so very little of the atmosphere, that if it were doubled tomorrow no one would notice and the temperature of the planet wouldn’t change.
First, look at the carbon dioxide molecule – CO2 - one atom of carbon and 2 atoms of oxygen. Webster defines CO2 as a colorless, odorless gas. It occurs in the atmosphere at a mere 330 parts per million (ppm.) Most folks have never seen a million of any one thing, so it’s easier to think about it as 33 parts per 100,000 or even 3 parts per every 10,000. If one has 3 (or 33) molecules of a colorless gas mixed with 10,000 (or 100,000) molecules of the rest of the atmosphere, it challenges the imagination (if not the laws of thermo dynamics) as to how carbon dioxide can be considered a “greenhouse gas.”
Recent headlines are now touting that CO2 concentrations have suddenly leaped to new heights of 380 or 385 ppm. To that I first thought, “So what?” When I looked at the data that every one was looking at, I saw the obvious problem. There is only one place on the entire planet that the National Oceanic Atmospheric Agency (NOAA) relies upon to measure levels of CO2 in the atmosphere and that is on the Big Island of Hawaii on Mauna Loa. Mauna Loa is billed as “Earth’s Largest Volcano.” The original thinking may have been that the atmosphere there was somehow pristine in Hawaii and an accurate reading of CO2 could be had without other polluting sources, but then they seemed to forget that volcanoes spew out more CO2 in a single year than mankind has produced in the entire length of human history. Even with active volcanoes in Hawaii, the CO2 levels are still negligible and are really of no concern.
World wide, there are over 500 volcanic events happening each year. The number of volcanic vents spewing CO2 (and other gases) into the atmosphere number in the thousands, while the under sea vents that we can’t see, may number in the tens of thousands - all spewing CO2 into the oceans and atmosphere.
Increasing such a scarce gas as C02 in the atmosphere actually has a beneficial effect. Higher CO2 concentrations enable plants to grow faster and larger. Curiously, plants have undergone a slow evolutionary change reducing the number of stomata in their leaves as CO2 levels increase. This has the effect of allowing plants to be a little more drought tolerant. The extent and diversity of plants and animal life has substantially increased during the past half-century resulting in mildly stimulated plant growth.
Human production of carbon dioxide is estimated to be 8 gigatons (GT) or 8 billion tons of carbon dioxide. This statistic alone sounds like a huge number and one about which we should be concerned. However, the resident carbon dioxide in the rest of the atmosphere and oceans is estimated to be 40,000 GT. In other words, the contribution of the entire human race amounts only to .02 of 1% (8/40,000) of the total atmospheric CO2.
In summary, there is no “global warming.” There is no “climate crisis.” It is a global fraud being perpetuated by self interest groups – scientists who get money for climate research and politicians who see the opportunity to collect climate taxes to maintain their power.
Real scientists are lining up by the thousands to sign a petition rejecting global warming. (See http://www.petitionproject.org/) There is no “consensus” in real science. “Consensus” in the English language is defined firstly as unanimous or general agreement. Science doesn’t work by consensus. With over 31,400+ scientists disagreeing with human releases of carbon dioxide as a cause of “Global Warming,” it’s a wonder that the media hasn’t noticed the story.
And the world leader who said: “Make the lie big, make it simple, keep saying it, eventually they will believe it.” That was Adolph Hitler. And the person who said: “When you have the facts on your side, argue the facts. When you have the law on your side, argue the law. When you have neither, holler.” That was none other than former vice president, Albert Gore, Jr.
Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/weather-articles/global-warming-climate-change-the-biggest-ponzischeme-ever-perpetrated-1635564.html
About the Author
Patrick Wentworth is a certified arborist and biologist that has been studying and working with the environment for the last 35 years in Central Texas. Pat’s company, Austin Tree Specialists, has been caring for trees and landscapes in Central Texas longer than any other company in town under the original ownership. Services offered include pruning, removals, cabling and bracing as well as arborist reports, diagnostics, pest management, oak wilt treatment, and fertilization. Find out much, much more at www.austintreespecialists.com.
Global Warming/ Climate Change – or The Biggest Ponzi Scheme Ever Perpetrated Global warming - and now “climate change”- is being mentioned at almost every turn of daily life in the United States. Our eternally pessimistic or tragedy-based “news media” (Journalism is dead in the US) only want to forecast perpetual gloom and doom. The United States always seems to be the blame for everything wrong in the world when nothing could be further from the truth.
Bear with me as I hope to shed a little light on the nonsense the public receives daily from newspapers to radio to TV. First, it was “Man-made Global Warming,” now its “Climate Change” with the implication that somehow the human race has caused some calamitous event to happen to the planet. I find it so very incredible that the public as a whole is so scientifically illiterate that anyone would believe this nonsense.
A world leader once said: “Make the lie big, make it simple, keep saying it, eventually they will believe it.” Another world leader said: “When you have the facts on your side, argue the facts. When you have the law on your side, argue the law. When you have neither, holler.”
First, does the “climate change?” Well of course. It has been changing since the beginning of time. Geologic history shows us that the earth has been warmer more than 80% of its 4+ billion year existence rather than cold. Warming is nothing new. Glaciers carved the Great Lakes, inland seas once covered most of Texas, where there are forests today in Wisconsin, there once were tropical plants. Everything changes, nothing stays the same. The rate of change is what one needs to consider. To do that, you need to look at the data.
From 200 BC to 400 AD, the earth was in a warming period during the height of the Roman Empire. From 400 to 900 AD, the earth experienced a cooling period during the “Dark Ages.” From 900 to 1300, the earth experienced the “Medieval Warming” that allowed the Vikings to settle and farm in Greenland. As it became progressively colder, the animals died and the Vikings left Greenland by 1350.
The years 1300 to 1850 brought what has been called the “Little Ice Age” where much of Europe experienced very cold summers and the Thames River in England regularly froze. People would pray in Church in hopes of preventing glaciers from wiping out villages in the Alps.
Today, 1850 to present, we are now in what scientists call the “Modern Warming” era of the Earth’s climate.
The Sun regulates the atmospheric temperature of Earth. More than 99.9% of the energy which drives our climate system warming the oceans, creating winds and ocean currents all comes from the Sun. Seems like a simple enough concept, yet politicians want you to believe that the US population and the evil SUV and the consumption of fossil fuels has something to do with it. The activity of the sun – sunspots- has a direct correlation on the amount of solar radiation the Earth receives. While global temperatures have only been recorded for only the last 150 or so years, sun spot activity was first noticed in 1610 and detailed records of sunspot activity have been recorded since 1650. This data gives one the best idea of either increase or decrease in the global mean temperature.
The temperature in the last 100 years has risen 1º Fahrenheight – with a +/- .5º margin of error. Mankind and the rest of the world have adjusted nicely. It didn’t happen overnight nor is the increase anyone would notice. (With the +/- margin of .5ºF that means the temperature has changed by as little as ½ of a degree to as much as 1.5ºF.) Since 1998, (and some say since 2004 – depends on the data they are referring to) the globe has been cooling – not warming. It has cooled enough to wipe out the 1ºF rise in the global mean temperature to make it a net zero change in temperature.
While parts of Texas has been suffering through a typical hot Texas summer and its perpetual drought, a good bit of Texas has had a normal summer. The rest of the country, and in particular the Eastern seaboard and Midwest, has had a “year without a summer” - unusually cool and wet. It’s important to realize that all of this has happened even though the US has not signed the Kyoto Treaty on Climate Change and no significant legislation has been enacted to reverse the so-called “global warming.”
The average temperature of Earth has varied in a range of only 3º centigrade during the past 3,000 years. The minimal increase we may (or may not) experience in the next few decades is actually a recovery from a period known as the “Little Ice Age.” George Washington and his army at Valley Forge experienced the coldest era in 1500 years, but even then, the temperature was only above 1º C below the 3,000-year average.
When I ask the average person “What is the most common green house gas?” 100% of the time I hear the response “carbon dioxide.” The major media outlets have done their brain washing well.
Antarctic research shows very clearly that in every instance the temperature always rises first before the level of CO2 increases in the atmosphere. The explanation is just as simple. As the earth warms, more plants grow. Plants, with a more active carbon cycle, release more CO2 into the atmosphere. A colder ocean is able to keep more CO2 dissolved in water. As the oceans warm, more CO2 is released.
The number one “green house gas” (GHG) is water. The so-called “greenhouse effect” is caused by water vapor – i.e. clouds. We’ve all experienced it. In the summer, clouds help cool the surface by blocking sunlight. In the winter, nighttime clouds help to hold in heat and keep it from irradiating back into space.
Man made CO2 has no effect on global warming even though there has been a 6-fold increase in hydrocarbon use since 1940. When plotted together on a graph, it’s easy to see a direct correlation between solar activity and global surface temperatures. When plotted against world hydrocarbon use, there is no correlation with respect to surface temperatures.
Since the end of the Little Ice Age, the climate has improved with more rainfall, fewer tornadoes, and no increase in hurricane activity. The sea levels have risen at a rate of 7 inches per century (hardly a rise at all when one considers the difference between high tide and low tide can be several feet.) The idea that glaciers will melt and the sea levels will rise is an Environmental Alarmist ruse. Trends show that glaciers were melting and sea levels were rising for more than 100-years before the 6-fold increase in the use of hydrocarbons.
One of the favorite scare tactics that the Environmental Alarmists use is that the North Pole will have open seas during the summer. The alarmist scenario is that the melting of the polar ice cap will cause wide scale flooding. The problem with that idea is that it simply can’t happen. The polar ice cap is already floating on the ocean. When ice freezes, it expands 1/9 its size. Melting the polar ice cap will actually diminish the amount of water (or water displacement) by 1/9 the size of the polar ice cap. Melting of the polar ice cap could cause the sea level to actually lower. Another way to look at this is a glass of iced tea. When the ice melts does your glass overflow? No.
Carbon dioxide makes up so very little of the atmosphere, that if it were doubled tomorrow no one would notice and the temperature of the planet wouldn’t change.
First, look at the carbon dioxide molecule – CO2 - one atom of carbon and 2 atoms of oxygen. Webster defines CO2 as a colorless, odorless gas. It occurs in the atmosphere at a mere 330 parts per million (ppm.) Most folks have never seen a million of any one thing, so it’s easier to think about it as 33 parts per 100,000 or even 3 parts per every 10,000. If one has 3 (or 33) molecules of a colorless gas mixed with 10,000 (or 100,000) molecules of the rest of the atmosphere, it challenges the imagination (if not the laws of thermo dynamics) as to how carbon dioxide can be considered a “greenhouse gas.”
Recent headlines are now touting that CO2 concentrations have suddenly leaped to new heights of 380 or 385 ppm. To that I first thought, “So what?” When I looked at the data that every one was looking at, I saw the obvious problem. There is only one place on the entire planet that the National Oceanic Atmospheric Agency (NOAA) relies upon to measure levels of CO2 in the atmosphere and that is on the Big Island of Hawaii on Mauna Loa. Mauna Loa is billed as “Earth’s Largest Volcano.” The original thinking may have been that the atmosphere there was somehow pristine in Hawaii and an accurate reading of CO2 could be had without other polluting sources, but then they seemed to forget that volcanoes spew out more CO2 in a single year than mankind has produced in the entire length of human history. Even with active volcanoes in Hawaii, the CO2 levels are still negligible and are really of no concern.
World wide, there are over 500 volcanic events happening each year. The number of volcanic vents spewing CO2 (and other gases) into the atmosphere number in the thousands, while the under sea vents that we can’t see, may number in the tens of thousands - all spewing CO2 into the oceans and atmosphere.
Increasing such a scarce gas as C02 in the atmosphere actually has a beneficial effect. Higher CO2 concentrations enable plants to grow faster and larger. Curiously, plants have undergone a slow evolutionary change reducing the number of stomata in their leaves as CO2 levels increase. This has the effect of allowing plants to be a little more drought tolerant. The extent and diversity of plants and animal life has substantially increased during the past half-century resulting in mildly stimulated plant growth.
Human production of carbon dioxide is estimated to be 8 gigatons (GT) or 8 billion tons of carbon dioxide. This statistic alone sounds like a huge number and one about which we should be concerned. However, the resident carbon dioxide in the rest of the atmosphere and oceans is estimated to be 40,000 GT. In other words, the contribution of the entire human race amounts only to .02 of 1% (8/40,000) of the total atmospheric CO2.
In summary, there is no “global warming.” There is no “climate crisis.” It is a global fraud being perpetuated by self interest groups – scientists who get money for climate research and politicians who see the opportunity to collect climate taxes to maintain their power.
Real scientists are lining up by the thousands to sign a petition rejecting global warming. (See http://www.petitionproject.org/) There is no “consensus” in real science. “Consensus” in the English language is defined firstly as unanimous or general agreement. Science doesn’t work by consensus. With over 31,400+ scientists disagreeing with human releases of carbon dioxide as a cause of “Global Warming,” it’s a wonder that the media hasn’t noticed the story.
And the world leader who said: “Make the lie big, make it simple, keep saying it, eventually they will believe it.” That was Adolph Hitler. And the person who said: “When you have the facts on your side, argue the facts. When you have the law on your side, argue the law. When you have neither, holler.” That was none other than former vice president, Albert Gore, Jr.
Article Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/weather-articles/global-warming-climate-change-the-biggest-ponzischeme-ever-perpetrated-1635564.html
About the Author
Patrick Wentworth is a certified arborist and biologist that has been studying and working with the environment for the last 35 years in Central Texas. Pat’s company, Austin Tree Specialists, has been caring for trees and landscapes in Central Texas longer than any other company in town under the original ownership. Services offered include pruning, removals, cabling and bracing as well as arborist reports, diagnostics, pest management, oak wilt treatment, and fertilization. Find out much, much more at www.austintreespecialists.com.
Thursday, May 27, 2010
Manila Temperatures - It's too hot in Manila
If you live in Manila, the city is sizzling with mercury levels topping 35 to 36 degrees celsius around noon to early afternoon. Based on available information from the weather monitoring instruments set up at the Manila airport, Manila temperatures for the last three days beginning Monday, the following temperature highs were recorded (in degrees celsius):
Monday, 24 May, 1400H, 34 deg
Tuesday, 25 May, 1400H, 35 deg
Wednesday, 26 May, 1200H, 36 deg
Whether you believe in global warming and climate change or not, you feel it. As far as I can remember, it has never been this hot in Manila for prolonged periods. At this time, I will be following the temperature highs for the next few weeks until the onset of the rainy season which hopefully will come by June.
Monday, 24 May, 1400H, 34 deg
Tuesday, 25 May, 1400H, 35 deg
Wednesday, 26 May, 1200H, 36 deg
Whether you believe in global warming and climate change or not, you feel it. As far as I can remember, it has never been this hot in Manila for prolonged periods. At this time, I will be following the temperature highs for the next few weeks until the onset of the rainy season which hopefully will come by June.
Sunday, May 2, 2010
Climate Change - Volcanic Eruptions & Global Warming
Climate Change - Volcanic Eruptions & Global Warming - What Do Volcanic Eruptions Really Do? |
While we all look on in astonishment at the recent major disruption caused by the Iceland Volcano eruption bellowing its ash cloud high into our skies, there is believe it or not a benefit to be gained from this apparent catastrophe. In reference to Global Warming, volcanic eruptions actually create a cooling effect to the Earth that can reduce climate change, but is the Icelandic volcano eruption big enough?
One such event that climate change gained from was when Mount Pinatubo erupted in the Philippines back in 1991. It is said it reduced the temperature of the Earths' surface by 0.5 degrees Celsius, which offset the greenhouse gases from 1991 to 1993 and a similar event was caused by the Mount St Helens volcanic eruption in Washington USA back in 1980.
This is caused by the volcanic ash particles and sulphur dioxide reaching the stratosphere. There is then a chemical reaction which causes the volcanic particles to create a mirrored effect that reflects the Suns' rays away from the Earth, similar to reflecting the Sun away using a shiny object.
That is of course providing that the ash plume from a volcano is significant enough in dissipating the right quantity of ash and that it reaches the stratosphere. Others such as the Iceland volcanic eruption sometimes only make it into the troposphere where the ash is dispersed over a wide area by very strong winds.
There are volcanic eruptions happening all the time, but it seems you are only aware of them if you live near one or are affected by it erupting. For instance a volcano erupted the same day as the Iceland volcano did, but on the other side of the World in Japan. This was a dormant volcano that has shocked the Japanese, but how many of us either know about it or are affected by it? Very few I suspect.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Clive_Anderson
Here's something to think about climate change issues. It is good to know that at least Mount Pinatubo actually reversed for a time climate change issues with regard to global warming trends.
One such event that climate change gained from was when Mount Pinatubo erupted in the Philippines back in 1991. It is said it reduced the temperature of the Earths' surface by 0.5 degrees Celsius, which offset the greenhouse gases from 1991 to 1993 and a similar event was caused by the Mount St Helens volcanic eruption in Washington USA back in 1980.
This is caused by the volcanic ash particles and sulphur dioxide reaching the stratosphere. There is then a chemical reaction which causes the volcanic particles to create a mirrored effect that reflects the Suns' rays away from the Earth, similar to reflecting the Sun away using a shiny object.
That is of course providing that the ash plume from a volcano is significant enough in dissipating the right quantity of ash and that it reaches the stratosphere. Others such as the Iceland volcanic eruption sometimes only make it into the troposphere where the ash is dispersed over a wide area by very strong winds.
There are volcanic eruptions happening all the time, but it seems you are only aware of them if you live near one or are affected by it erupting. For instance a volcano erupted the same day as the Iceland volcano did, but on the other side of the World in Japan. This was a dormant volcano that has shocked the Japanese, but how many of us either know about it or are affected by it? Very few I suspect.
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Clive_Anderson
Here's something to think about climate change issues. It is good to know that at least Mount Pinatubo actually reversed for a time climate change issues with regard to global warming trends.
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